# qemu-web-desktop: Installation 

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<img src="src/html/desktop/images/darts_logo.png" height=200>
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This documentation details how to install the qemu-web-desktop/DARTS.

Table of contents:

1. [Installation: The short story](#installation-the-short-story)
2. [Manual installation](#manual-installation)
3. [Issues](#issues)

## Installation: The short story

| System                   | Install       | Configuration |
|--------------------------|---------------|---------------|
| Debian/Ubuntu/Mint <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ubuntu-logo-2022.svg/langfr-330px-Ubuntu-logo-2022.svg.png" height=32> <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Debian-OpenLogo.svg/langfr-100px-Debian-OpenLogo.svg.png" height=32> <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/The_Linux_Mint_Logo.svg/langfr-2560px-The_Linux_Mint_Logo.svg.png" height=32> | `sudo -E apt install qemu-web-desktop` ([deb](https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/qemu-web-desktop))     | `sudo -E qwdctl edit config` <br>`sudo -E qwdctl edit machines` | 
| Arch/Endeavour/Manjaro <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Archlinux-logo-standard-version.svg/langfr-560px-Archlinux-logo-standard-version.svg.png" height=32>  | `yay -S qemu-web-desktop`  ([AUR](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/qemu-web-desktop)) | follow final steps <br>see https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/qemu-web-desktop |
| RedHat/Fedora            | `sudo dnf install make` <br>then use manual install. | :warning: `qwdctl start VM` works, but the web service is broken |
| MacOS (homebrew)         | Install [Brew](https://brew.sh/) <br>then use manual install. | :warning: `qwdctl start VM` works, but the web service is broken |
| Manual Install           | `git clone https://gitlab.com/soleil-data-treatment/soleil-software-projects/qemu-web-desktop`; <br>`cd qemu-web-desktop/src`; <br>`sudo make deps`; <br>`sudo make install`; | `sudo -E qwdctl edit config` <br>`sudo -E qwdctl edit machines` |

Then, if you are in a hurry:

1. Edit the machine list file with command `sudo -E qwdctl edit machines` and un-comment one of the entries (e.g. the Slax one, or TinyCore).
1. Open the URL http://localhost/qemu-web-desktop/, enter a fake user ID (the authentication is inactivated at start), and click on Create. A VM should start.

Or proceed with the [CONFIGURE.md](CONFIGURE.md) notes (e.g. `sudo qwdctl edit config`). 
If you wish to use a GPU, have a look at [GPU.md](GPU.md).

:warning: This service is currently only validated on intel/amd64/`x86_64` and arm64/`aarch64` architectures.


## Manual installation

#### Hardware requirements

The service will launch virtual machines for which some memory and CPU (possibly [GPU](GPU.md)) are allocated. However, the QEMU memory and CPU management allows to redistribute the unused resources, so that in practice the total amount of requested CPU and memory can exceed the physical limitations. This relies on the assumption that not all sessions will use the full requested CPU and memory at the same time.

For most purposes a simple 'gamer' machine should suffice, with typically 4 GB memory per available core, to run most virtual machines. We have tested for instance the service on 64-core computers with 256 GB memory. Last, you may even run QWD from _inside_ a running virtual machine, in case you wish to completely virtualize your infrastructure (performance may be lower still).

#### Software requirements (dependencies):

Get the source code (or a release):

- git clone https://gitlab.com/soleil-data-treatment/soleil-software-projects/qemu-web-desktop
- :warning: if you just cloned the repository, make sure you collect the src/html/desktop/machines directory with [LFS](https://git-lfs.github.com/). Install it with `sudo apt install git-lfs` then, from the repo, `git-lfs install; git lfs pull`.
- you may alternatively get a release at https://gitlab.com/soleil-data-treatment/soleil-software-projects/qemu-web-desktop/-/releases
- `cd qemu-web-desktop/src`

- **Debian-class** systems (Ubuntu/Mint...): `apache2 libapache2-mod-perl2 novnc websockify qemu-kvm bridge-utils qemu iptables dnsmasq libcgi-pm-perl liblist-moreutils-perl libsys-cpu-perl libsys-cpuload-perl libsys-meminfo-perl libnet-dns-perl confget libproc-background-perl libproc-processtable-perl libemail-valid-perl  libnet-smtps-perl libmail-imapclient-perl libnet-ldap-perl libemail-valid-perl libjson-perl libwww-perl libguestfs-tools libapache2-mpm-itk libtext-qrcode-perl libnet-ssh2-perl` and on arm64/aarch64 architectures `qemu-efi-aarch64` (EFI boot)
- **Arch-class** systems (Endeavour, Manjaro, Cauchy): `python-numpy python-setuptools apache mod_itk qemu-desktop bridge-utils qemu-img dnsmasq guestfs-tools perl-cgi perl-list-moreutils perl-sys-cpu perl-sys-meminfo perl-net-dns perl-proc-processtable perl-mail-imapclient perl-ldap perl-json perl-libwww mod_perl novnc websockify perl-proc-background perl-email-valid perl-net-smtps perl-text-qrcode perl-net-ssh2 confget`
- **Fedora/RedHat-class** systems: `mod_perl novnc python3-websockify crudini guestfs-tools perl-CGI perl-List-MoreUtils perl-Sys-CPU perl-Sys-MemInfo perl-Net-DNS perl-Proc-Simple perl-Proc-ProcessTable perl-Email-Valid perl-Net-SMTPS perl-Mail-IMAPClient perl-LDAP perl-JSON perl-libwww-perl perl-Text-QRCode perl-Net-SSH2 perl-CPAN`
- **Apple/Silicon** systems: `qemu apache2` (homebrew)

These dependencies are installed with:

-  `sudo make deps`.

#### Get the source code and install

Get the source code as above and `cd qemu-web-desktop/src`.

Then install QWD with:

- `sudo make install`

In case the `make` command fails, have a look at the Makefile...

:warning: In case you manually install the software, and target directories are customized, make sure to edit the `qwdctl` file to change the filepath to match configuration files (at start).

#### Uninstall

To un-install, just do a:

- `cd src; sudo make uninstall`.

We have prepared two videos that demonstrate the semi-automatic procedure (Debian).

[![DARTS Installation and configuration](paper/darts-install.png)](https://drive.google.com/file/d/11_t28Z3FyjXDqtCmHf2XMezbjKC89ch8/view?usp=drive_link "DARTS Installation and configuration")
[![DARTS Usage](paper/darts-usage.png)](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RKQSW5vSIWFbyKSe5D0DnqulWMzi2_yE/view?usp=drive_link "DARTS Usage")

## Building a Debian package

To build a Debian package out of this repository or https://salsa.debian.org/debian/qemu-web-desktop, use:
```
sudo apt install git-buildpackage dh-apache2 dh-sysuser devscripts help2man pandoc
make deb
sudo apt install ../qemu-web-desktop_*_amd64.deb
# uncomment e.g. [slax] and [tinycore] entries in /etc/qemu-web-desktop/machines.conf except for 'url' lines.
sudo qwdctl edit machines
```
will create a `.deb` package in the directory level above.

## Building an Arch package

```
cd packaging/arch
makepkg -s
# install
pacman -U ./qemu-web-desktop*.zst
```


## Issues

Refer to the end of the [CONFIGURE.md](CONFIGURE.md) documentation.
