package main

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"io"
	"log"
	"math/rand"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"os/signal"
	"strconv"
	"time"

	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/bridges/otelslog"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlplog/otlploghttp"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlpmetric/otlpmetrichttp"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/log/global"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/propagation"
	sdklog "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/log"
	sdkmetric "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric/metricdata"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/resource"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/trace"
	semconv "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/semconv/v1.26.0"
)

func main() {
	if err := run(); err != nil {
		log.Fatalln(err)
	}
}

func run() (err error) {
	// Handle SIGINT (CTRL+C) gracefully.
	ctx, stop := signal.NotifyContext(context.Background(), os.Interrupt)
	defer stop()

	// Set up OpenTelemetry.
	otelShutdown, err := setupOTelSDK(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	// Handle shutdown properly so nothing leaks.
	defer func() {
		err = errors.Join(err, otelShutdown(context.Background()))
	}()

	// Start HTTP server.
	srv := &http.Server{
		Addr:         ":8080",
		BaseContext:  func(_ net.Listener) context.Context { return ctx },
		ReadTimeout:  time.Second,
		WriteTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
		Handler:      newHTTPHandler(),
	}
	srvErr := make(chan error, 1)
	go func() {
		srvErr <- srv.ListenAndServe()
	}()

	// Wait for interruption.
	select {
	case err = <-srvErr:
		// Error when starting HTTP server.
		return
	case <-ctx.Done():
		// Wait for first CTRL+C.
		// Stop receiving signal notifications as soon as possible.
		stop()
	}

	// When Shutdown is called, ListenAndServe immediately returns ErrServerClosed.
	err = srv.Shutdown(context.Background())
	return
}

func newHTTPHandler() http.Handler {
	mux := http.NewServeMux()

	// handleFunc is a replacement for mux.HandleFunc
	// which enriches the handler's HTTP instrumentation with the pattern as the http.route.
	handleFunc := func(pattern string, handlerFunc func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)) {
		// Configure the "http.route" for the HTTP instrumentation.
		handler := otelhttp.WithRouteTag(pattern, http.HandlerFunc(handlerFunc))
		mux.Handle(pattern, handler)
	}

	// Register handlers.
	handleFunc("/rolldice", rolldice)

	// Add HTTP instrumentation for the whole server.
	handler := otelhttp.NewHandler(mux, "/")
	return handler
}

var (
	tracer  = otel.Tracer("rolldice")
	meter   = otel.Meter("rolldice")
	logger  = otelslog.NewLogger("rolldice")
	rollCnt metric.Int64Counter
)

func init() {
	var err error
	rollCnt, err = meter.Int64Counter("dice.rolls",
		metric.WithDescription("The number of rolls by roll value"),
		metric.WithUnit("{roll}"))
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

func rolldice(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	ctx, span := tracer.Start(r.Context(), "roll")
	defer span.End()

	roll := 1 + rand.Intn(6)

	rollValueAttr := attribute.Int("roll.value", roll)
	span.SetAttributes(rollValueAttr)
	rollCnt.Add(ctx, 1, metric.WithAttributes(rollValueAttr))
	logger.InfoContext(ctx, "Anonymous player is rolling the dice", "result", roll)

	resp := strconv.Itoa(roll) + "\n"
	if _, err := io.WriteString(w, resp); err != nil {
		log.Printf("Write failed: %v\n", err)
	}
}

// setupOTelSDK bootstraps the OpenTelemetry pipeline.
// If it does not return an error, make sure to call shutdown for proper cleanup.
func setupOTelSDK(ctx context.Context) (shutdown func(context.Context) error, err error) {
	var shutdownFuncs []func(context.Context) error

	// shutdown calls cleanup functions registered via shutdownFuncs.
	// The errors from the calls are joined.
	// Each registered cleanup will be invoked once.
	shutdown = func(ctx context.Context) error {
		var err error
		for _, fn := range shutdownFuncs {
			err = errors.Join(err, fn(ctx))
		}
		shutdownFuncs = nil
		return err
	}

	// handleErr calls shutdown for cleanup and makes sure that all errors are returned.
	handleErr := func(inErr error) {
		err = errors.Join(inErr, shutdown(ctx))
	}

	// Set up propagator.
	prop := newPropagator()
	otel.SetTextMapPropagator(prop)

	// Set up trace provider.
	tracerProvider, err := newTraceProvider(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		handleErr(err)
		return
	}
	shutdownFuncs = append(shutdownFuncs, tracerProvider.Shutdown)
	otel.SetTracerProvider(tracerProvider)

	// Set up meter provider.
	meterProvider, err := newMeterProvider(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		handleErr(err)
		return
	}
	shutdownFuncs = append(shutdownFuncs, meterProvider.Shutdown)
	otel.SetMeterProvider(meterProvider)

	// Set up log provider.
	logProvider, err := newLoggerProvider(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		handleErr(err)
		return
	}
	global.SetLoggerProvider(logProvider)
	shutdownFuncs = append(shutdownFuncs, logProvider.Shutdown)

	return
}

func newPropagator() propagation.TextMapPropagator {
	return propagation.NewCompositeTextMapPropagator(
		propagation.TraceContext{},
		propagation.Baggage{},
	)
}

func newTraceProvider(ctx context.Context) (*trace.TracerProvider, error) {
	exporter, err := otlptracehttp.New(ctx, otlptracehttp.WithInsecure(), otlptracehttp.WithEndpoint("localhost:4318"))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	provider := trace.NewTracerProvider(
		trace.WithBatcher(exporter,
			// Default is 5s. Set to 1s for demonstrative purposes.
			trace.WithBatchTimeout(time.Second)),
	)
	return provider, nil
}

func newMeterProvider(ctx context.Context) (*sdkmetric.MeterProvider, error) {
	exporter, err := otlpmetrichttp.New(ctx,
		otlpmetrichttp.WithInsecure(),
		otlpmetrichttp.WithEndpoint("localhost:4318"),
		otlpmetrichttp.WithTemporalitySelector(
			func(kind sdkmetric.InstrumentKind) metricdata.Temporality {
				return metricdata.DeltaTemporality
			},
		),
	)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	res, err := resource.Merge(resource.Default(),
		resource.NewWithAttributes(semconv.SchemaURL,
			semconv.ServiceName("dice-roller"),
			semconv.ServiceVersion("0.1.0"),
		))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	provider := sdkmetric.NewMeterProvider(
		sdkmetric.WithResource(res),
		sdkmetric.WithReader(
			sdkmetric.NewPeriodicReader(
				exporter,
				sdkmetric.WithInterval(3*time.Second),
			),
		),
	)

	return provider, nil
}

func newLoggerProvider(ctx context.Context) (*sdklog.LoggerProvider, error) {
	exporter, err := otlploghttp.New(ctx, otlploghttp.WithInsecure(), otlploghttp.WithEndpoint("localhost:4318"))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	provider := sdklog.NewLoggerProvider(
		sdklog.WithProcessor(sdklog.NewBatchProcessor(exporter)),
	)
	return provider, nil
}
